Changes of State in Refrigeration Circuit | PolarX – 512
The Changes of State in Refrigeration Circuit PolarX – 512 is a Demonstrative Refrigeration Study Unit that illustrates the key stages of a compression frigorific cycle. It uses a glass-realized condenser and evaporator to show condensation and evaporation phenomena directly. Compression work is performed by a piston-type hermetic compressor, with network water as the evaporating and condensing fluid and R141b as the cooling fluid. The unit features two digital thermometers, two flowmeters, two pressure gauges, and a full synoptic panel for continuous monitoring of all key parameters.
The Changes of State in Refrigeration Circuit PolarX – 512 is a user-friendly, practical Demonstrative Refrigeration Study Unit. It clearly illustrates the key stages of a compression frigorific cycle, including condensation and evaporation phenomena. A front panel with a mimic diagram and instrumentation keeps the most important thermodynamic quantities under control for both teachers and students.
Product Overview
The unit is supplied with manuals covering component parts, setup, and operating steps, along with a set of experimental activities and their outcomes. A key feature of the apparatus is that it allows students to observe how the cooling fluid affects the glass-realized condenser and evaporator, giving a direct view of the changes of state in refrigeration circuit during operation.
Compression work is performed by a piston-type hermetic compressor. The evaporating and condensing fluid is network (mains) water, while the cooling fluid is R141b, chosen for its good thermodynamic properties and high safety degree. A manual micrometrical valve implements the cooling gas isenthalpic expansion, allowing students to confirm the impact of expansion on the cycle’s thermal balance.
Instrumentation is incorporated directly into the cycle for continuous monitoring of all key parameters. Two digital instantaneous thermometers with switches display inlet and outlet temperatures. Two flowmeters display water flow rates during evaporation and condensation. Two pressure gauges display pressures during condensation and evaporation. A full synoptic panel allows quick comprehension of the frigorific cycle.
Changes of State in Refrigeration Circuit PolarX – 512, Technical Specifications
| Specification | Detail |
|---|---|
| Compressor | Hermetic motor/compressor unit, piston type |
| Evaporator | Water/R141b evaporator |
| Condenser | Water/R141b condenser |
| Expansion Valve | Manual isenthalpic expansion valve |
| Condenser Flow Meter | Flow meter with control valve of the H2O delivery at the condenser |
| Evaporator Flow Meter | Flow meter with control valve of the H2O delivery at the evaporator |
| Condensation Pressure Gauge | Pressure gauge for condensation pressure |
| Evaporation Pressure Gauge | Pressure gauge for evaporation pressure |
| Safety Switch | Maximum pressure safety switch |
| Temperature Indicator | Temperature digital indicator |
| Temperature Probes | Type K thermocouple |
| Electrical Protection | Magnetothermic differential switch, manual controls and protection fuses |
Technical Data
General
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Capacity | 538 kcal/h with evaporation -40°C |
| Compressor Power | 270 W |
| Condenser Capacity | 1200 cm3 approx. |
| Evaporator Capacity | 1200 cm3 approx. |
| Water Consumption | 200 l/h approx. |
| Water Supply | Lab water supply |
Suction Side (Low Pressure)
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Pressure | -1 to 16 bar |
Delivery Side (High Pressure)
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Pressure | -1 to 25 bar |
Pressure Safety Switch
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Location | Suction Side and Delivery Side |
Digital Multifunctional Power Meter
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Range of AC Volt | 0 to 500 volts |
| Range of AC Ampere | 0 to 40 Ampere |
Evaporator Flow Rate
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Range | 0 to 7 LPM |
Condenser Flow Rate
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Range | 0 to 7 LPM |
Temperature Sensor
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Range | -40°C to 400°C |
| Type | K |
| Total | 5 |
Key Features
- Visual Demonstration: Glass-realized condenser and evaporator show changes of state in refrigeration circuit fluid behavior
- Compressor Type: Piston-type hermetic compressor
- Evaporating/Condensing Fluid: Network (mains) water
- Cooling Fluid: R141b, high safety degree
- Expansion Control: Manual micrometrical isenthalpic expansion valve
- Temperature Monitoring: Two digital instantaneous thermometers with switches, inlet and outlet
- Flow Monitoring: Two flowmeters, evaporation and condensation water flow rates
- Pressure Monitoring: Two pressure gauges, condensation and evaporation
- Control Panel: Full synoptic panel with mimic diagram
- Documentation: Manuals covering parts, setup, operation, and experiments
Experiments
- The refrigeration cycle’s theoretical and practical efficiency
- Studies on the effects of expansion on the refrigeration cycle
- The construction of a P-h diagram for the refrigeration cycle
- Study of the compression frigorific cycle
- Study and visualization of condensation and evaporation
- Heat balance of the evaporator and the condenser
Construction and Design
The Changes of State in Refrigeration Circuit PolarX – 512 is built around a front panel with a mimic diagram and integrated instrumentation. The condenser and evaporator are glass-realized, allowing direct visual observation of the cooling fluid. Compression work is carried out by a piston-type hermetic compressor. The evaporating and condensing fluid is network water. The cooling fluid is R141b. A manual micrometrical valve carries out the cooling gas isenthalpic expansion. Instrumentation is built into the actual cycle for continuous monitoring. Two digital instantaneous thermometers with switches read inlet and outlet temperatures. Two flowmeters read water flow rates during evaporation and condensation. Two pressure gauges read pressures during condensation and evaporation. A full synoptic panel completes the design for quick comprehension of the cycle.
Software
Software PolarX – 512 (optional)
DAQ software designed in National Instruments™ LabVIEW™ environment to measure and calculate the results of the apparatus. The software is optional. When the software is used, a set of electronic sensors is included. The software can be run on any Windows™ environment.
Scope of Delivery
- 1 Experimental module
- 1 Instruction manual
Required for Operation
- Lab water supply
Optional Accessories
- Software PolarX – 512 (DAQ software, National Instruments™ LabVIEW™ environment, requires electronic sensor set)
Q: What does the Changes of State in Refrigeration Circuit PolarX – 512 demonstrate?
A: It demonstrates the key stages of a compression frigorific cycle, including condensation and evaporation phenomena.
Q: What cooling fluid is used in this unit?
A: R141b, chosen for its good thermodynamic properties and high safety degree.
Q: What type of compressor does the unit use?
A: A piston-type hermetic compressor.
Q: How is temperature monitored on the unit?
A: Two digital instantaneous thermometers with switches show inlet and outlet temperatures.
Q: Is the PolarX – 512 software required to operate the unit?
A: No, the software is optional. A set of electronic sensors is included when the software is used.
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